Parasagittal Meningioma Essay Example

Parasagittal Meningioma Paper Nursing Management 1 PARASAGITTAL MENINGIOMA Nursing the executives of a patient with Parasagittal Meningioma Nursing Management 2 Nursing the board of patient with PARASAGITTAL MENINGIOMA P. An a 41 years of age male was brought to the emergency clinic because of the main objection of migraine and dazedness. During the meeting, the patient expressed that 2 days preceding affirmation, he was having an extreme cerebral pain related with obscuring of vision and wooziness. He took paracetamol which gave impermanent help with no discussion done. He was provoked to look for clinical consideration on March 23, 2011 because of persevering cerebral pain. He experienced MRI filter and uncovered that the left piece of his cerebrum have a tumor that can lead him to be determined to have different signs and side effects of having a Parasagittal Meningioma. As per Dienpenbrock (2004), Meningiomas are moderate developing and frequently happen in moderately aged grown-ups. The standard treatment is medical procedure with the total expulsion or incomplete dismemberment. Nursing the board should concentrate on the treatment and forestalling the impact of expanded intracranial weight or ICP by shut observing crucial signs, and engine capacities ought to likewise be checked on the grounds that particular engine shortages may happen contingent upon the tumor’s area. Pathophysiology Parasagittal meningiomas structure close the falx, a depression that runs along the cerebrum fromfront to back, as indicated by clinical specialists at the Brigham and Womens Hospital. Meningiomas may happen intracranially or inside the spinal waterway. They are thought to emerge from arachnoidal top cells, which dwell in the arachnoid layer covering the outside of the cerebrum. Meningiomas regularly are found at the outside of the mind, either over the convexity or at the skull base. In uncommon cases, meningiomas happen in an intraventricular or intraosseous area. The issue of arranging meningioma is that arachnoidal cells may communicate both mesenchymal and epithelial attributes. Other mesodermal structures likewise may offer ascent to comparative tumors (eg, hemangiopericytomas or sarcomas). The order of these tumors together is dubious. Nursing Management 3 The current pattern is to isolate unequivocal meningiomas from different less all around characterized neoplasms. Without a doubt, propels in sub-atomic science will permit researchers to decide the specific genomic deviation liable for every particular neoplasm. We will compose a custom article test on Parasagittal Meningioma explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on Parasagittal Meningioma explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on Parasagittal Meningioma explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Parasagittal meningioma causes indications like: Headache that is because of the expansion the ordinary weight levels inside the mind. The seriousness of migraine torment can extend from gentle to extreme and can confine inside any locale of the head. Leg shortcoming can likewise happen. Normally, a meningioma that structures on the left half of the falx causes right leg shortcoming, while a meningioma that structures on the correct side of the falx causes left leg shortcoming, clarify clinical specialists with the Merck Manual. In specific cases, impressions of shortcoming can influence the two legs and can encounter trouble standing or strolling ordinarily. Vision Problems is likewise present in light of expanded weight inside the mind it can influence the optic or eye nerve. In the event that the optic nerve is harmed or squeezed, the person in question can create vision issues as a side effect of this condition, report wellbeing specialists with the Mayfield Clinic. Influenced individuals can encounter obscured or shady vision, which may add to cerebral pain indications or vibes of unsteadiness. Subjective brokenness or Personality Changes may influence individuals as expressed by experts with the Brain Science Foundation. An individual who is typically peaceful or saved can out of nowhere become chatty and friendly. On the other hand, social individuals may show up unexpectedly pulled back or discouraged. A portion of these are signs and side effects showed by P. A. that can lead him to be analyzed to have Parasagittal meningioma. Nursing Management 4 History P. A. , a 41 years of age male was whining of cerebral pain and a few scenes of tipsiness. He was conceded and analyzed to have Parasagital Meningioma. As per him, it was his third an ideal opportunity to be hospitalized. He expressed that he had no past disease, medical procedures and prescription treatment. The patient doesn't have any history of any sicknesses, for example, hypertension, diabetes ellitus, coronary illness and lung malady. He is having a sensitivity with fish and doesn’t have any hypersensitivities to drugs. He’s maintaining a strategic distance from to eat pork in view of his religion Islam. Nursing Physical Assessment P. An is cognizant alarm and intelligible. The patient fundamental signs were as per the following: internal heat level 37. 5 degree Celsius, beat rate 81bpm, circulatory strain 120/70 mmHg, respiratory rate 17cpm. The customer voice was delicate and talks really moderate. He seemed, by all accounts, to be crippled. We got some information about his sentiments. He was very passionate about his circumstance. He is having cerebral pain and furthermore expressed the he was encountering torment at the degree of 8. This was connected from the medical procedure he had which can likewise cause him increment intracranial weight. The patient had a noticeable bend to his left side parietal head. What's more, that was from the ongoing medical procedure he had. The patient can't move his correct arm, most likely because of the left influenced piece of the mind that would cause not many or complex handicap on his correct half of the globe. The patient’s lower furthest points especially his legs are very thin and powerless. He couldn't walk and as of now utilizing a wheelchair and help from his kin. He had some injury marks and furthermore has a few shot blemishes on his upper and lower right leg. He seemed to have some shortcoming. The patient didn't have any intravenous line, and he is at present wearing eyeglasses because of his vision issues which were brought about by his cerebrum condition. He said that the agony was continued for a few days. Nursing Management 5 Related Treatments According to Mayfield facility a parasagittal meningioma can build the typical weight levels inside the cerebrum. This weight rise can cause migraine side effects in individuals with this condition. Urge the patient to verbalize his emotions. Observing of patient’s torment is significant along with sufficient bed rest and legitimate medication consistence to calm cerebral pain, drugs: (Celecoxib) TID. Something else is that, a meningioma that structures on the left half of the falx causes right leg shortcoming, while a meningioma that structures on the correct side of the falx causes left leg shortcoming, clarify clinical specialists with the Merck Manual. Consequently security is the need for the patient, legitimate help, scope of movement work out, exercise based recuperation, sufficient sustenance and medication consistence, Rest between exercises gives time to vitality protection and recuperation. On the off chance that the optic nerve is harmed or squeezed, individuals with a parasagittal meningioma can create vision issues as an indication of this condition, report wellbeing specialists with the Mayfield Clinic. Therefore, wearing eyeglasses will assist with improving the patient’s visual issues identified with his condition. Parasagittal meningiomas that create close to the front segment of the falx can prompt noteworthy cerebrum brokenness in influenced individuals, caution clinical experts with the Brain Science Foundation. Individuals with this condition can encounter bizarre memory misfortune or can experience issues with sensible dynamic, drugs: (Nurocer. , Adjunct in the treatment of myoclonus of cortical starting point; dementia ; different disarranges/states w/c incorporate liquor addiction, vertigo, cerebrovascular mishaps, conduct issue. Depakote, valproates 5-15 mg/kg/day), for this circumstance understanding the patient’s circumstance with appropriate medication consistence to treat these side effects, and an attendant patient relationship is likewise a significant autonomous restorative methodology for this. Must organized security and intently checking the patient indications is an absolute necessity to guarantee that the patient is reacting great to the medicines. Nursing Management 6 Nursing Care Plan Based on what Hickey (2003) have stated, one of the inconvenience that might be forestalled is migraine. So P. A’s nursing analysis is constant agony identified with cerebrum injury as prove by verbal reports, guarding conduct and restricted scope of movement. A portion of the evaluation that recommends that the patient was having interminable torment was confusion, expanding touchiness and facial frowning when palpitated. His indispensable signs were as per the following: internal heat level 37. 5 degree Celsius, beat rate 81bpm, pulse 120/70 mmHg, respiratory rate. The objective is to mitigate the agony from torment size of 8 to 3 and to diminish the facial frowning. The nursing intercessions for P. A’s nursing analysis were as per the following: First is to build up compatibility to pick up the patient’s trust. Next is to perform far reaching appraisal of agony (area, term, beginning, force). These evaluate the agony felt by the patient. Next is to evaluate indispensable signs, taking note of hypertension, quick heartbeat and increment in internal heat level. Physical signs and objections related with constant torment ought to likewise be noted. Regulate meds as requested by the doctor. Give tolerant wellbeing showing, for example, having a bed rest and urged to remain on non-animating condition to diminish or reduce the agony that triggers him. During the nursing intercessions the patient is responsive and attempted his absolute best to assist him with feeling increasingly good. Nursing Management 7 Recommendations In request for P. A to proceed with his recuperation and improve his condition of prosperity, he should hold fast to all the requests made by his doctor. He should likewise figure out how to

Power Relations in Melville’s The Paradise of Bachelors and the Tartarus of Maids :: Comparison Compare Contrast Essays

Force Relations in Melville’s The Paradise of Bachelors and the Tartarus of Maids In the mid-nineteenth century, the United States proclaimed the happening to the â€Å"new mechanical order.† With the coming of railways, industrialization went into full swing. Processing plants and factories showed up and increased, and the push for monetary advancement turned into the great account of the nation. All things considered, there was a cognizant exertion to keep away from the rottenness and destitution so pervasive in European production line towns. In particular, the town of Lowell, Massachusetts, was held up as a praiseworthy model of modern ideal world. The factory town included excellent finishing and quarters for the ladies laborers. For sure, it looked a lot of like a college grounds (Klein 231). By the by, this glorified vision in the end offered path to the truth of human insatiability. The female assembly line laborers worked extended periods for little compensation as their wellbeing disintegrated from the dangerous conditions (238). (In particular, C arson’s Mill in Dalton, Massachusetts, filled in as the model for Melville’s short story [Melville 2437].) along these lines, industrialization (and the resulting want for monetary riches) got contrary with vote based standards. Initially, the overall awareness was that industrialization would assist majority rule government and the two would turn into a complimentary pair. In any case, the truth was that these cultural changes brought monetary divisions; the limits were drawn all the more unmistakably between the advantaged class and the regular workers. Industrialization at last outcomes in the division of the classes and the ensuing rationalistic strain of creation and utilization. This dualistic partition is made conceivable through the machine, the necessary component that concretes the inconsistent appropriation of intensity. In his ethical diptych, Melville addresses industrialization by investigating these class divisions and the force relations inside them. At last, he reasons that it brings about an exploitative framework that flourishes with both association and segregation. In spite of the fact that the two circles are genuinely and sincerely isolated, they rely upon one another for their continuation. Melville’s â€Å"The Paradise of Bachelors and the Tartarus of Maids† expertly shows this interrelationship between the proprietors of the methods for creation (the single guys) and the laborers (the house cleaners), and how it at last outcomes in the persecution of the laborers. The initial segment of the story delineates the incomprehensible existence of the mechanical class; they are ravenous buyers but then experience a vacant presence. This well off class is spoken to as lone wolf attorneys.

GoDaddy Website Builder Review Plans, Pricing More!

GoDaddy Website Builder Review Plans, Pricing More! .elementor-19992 .elementor-element.elementor-element-19992{text-align:center}Last Updated on February 24, 2020You’ve certainly heard of GoDaddy. Their advertising campaign usually centers around outlandish, and often risqué, Super Bowl commercials. In fact, most of the commercials barely mention that GoDaddy is even a web hosting company.Let’s face it: Writing a GoDaddy review without mentioning the GoDaddy ads is basically impossible. So is there a quality web builder and host underneath all their marketing efforts? Disclosure As an independent review site, we get compensated if you purchase through the referral links or coupon codes on this page â€" at no additional cost to you. Dismiss alert I don’t like to rely on someone else’s GoDaddy website builder review. Instead, I want to check out a company for myself. So I used their services to build and then host a site for 12 months.I have no reason whatsoever to sell GoDaddy to you. After all, I’ve already paid for a ye ar’s worth of service. Here’s my complete, 100% honest review based on my personal experience with the GoDaddy web hosting service.Our #1 web hosting pick:Get top rated hosting for as little as$2.64 per Month Claim your discount now! GoDaddy reviews: pros consGoDaddy is hugeProsConsConclusionThe big picture review of GoDaddy Join the FREE TrainingDo You Want To Learn How To Build 6 Figures Authority Sites?Join This Free Training To...Finally have a proven method to finding profitable nichesGet access to a foolproof keyword research methodLearn how to outsource quality contentLearn how to build white hat links to your site without headaches At the same time, GoDaddy has very little e-commerce and mobile support. You also can’t export your site from GoDaddy to another host. Plus, while their design options are easy to implement, your website runs the risk of looking a lot like many other GoDaddy-created sites out there.What does GoDaddy offer?If you’ve been searching fo r info on GoDaddy, you might have noticed something a bit confusing: GoDaddy web hosting reviews and GoDaddy website builder reviews are both found online.This is because GoDaddy offers both website creation and hosting. You can start with nothing and end up with a full-functioning website.They offer three levels of website building services:Personal $5.99Business $9.99Business Plus $9.99 Get hosting for only $2.64/month here! Annual plans are also available where you can save by making a longer commitment up-front.Everyone who signs up for a website building plan gets hosting for no extra cost. You also get access to their entire customer support network, which is pretty extensive.GoDaddy doesn’t offer free trials. But if you sign up for an annual plan, you get 45 days where you’re eligible for a no-hassle refund. If you sign up for a monthly plan, you get a 48-hour refund window.Here’s a video from GoDaddy covering the basics of how to make a site, including some examp les of what the final product is like: GoDaddy reviews: pros ve got a deal for youOur #1 web hosting pick:Get top rated hosting for as little as$2.64 per Month Claim your discount now! Save

The War Of 1812 During The United States - 1308 Words

A war time economy in the United States has proven to be a way to bring the people of America together, boost the economy, and inspire nationalism. The War of 1812 did much to follow this trend. By shutting off trade with Great Britain for a few years, United States manufacturers were able to establish their industries and develop a dependency from the people of America. In these ways, the War of 1812 helped create a scenario that allowed the United States to proliferate following the war. The United States grew following War of 1812 due to innovations in transportation, the role of the federal government, and industrialization in the developing market. The United States was able to grow following the War of 1812 due to innovations in†¦show more content†¦Novelist Nathaniel Hawthorne wrote that Its water (served as a miraculous) fertilizer, (for) it causes towns with their masses of brick and stone, their churches and theatres, their business...to spring up. In its financing by the state government, the Erie Canal epitomized the developing transportation infrastructure. The vast expanse of the Erie Canal created a network that linked the Atlantic states with the Ohio and Mississippi Valleys that drastically reduced the cost of transportation. While canals connected waterways, the railroad opened vast new areas of the American interior to settlement, while stimulating the mining of coal for fuel and the manufacture of iron for locomotives and rails. By 1860, the railroad network had grown to 30,000 miles, a total more than the rest of the world s railroads combined. The United States was able to grow following the War of 181 2 due to innovations in transportation which allowed for cheaper, faster, and more efficient trading of goods within the United States. The United States grew following the War of 1812 due to the role of the federal government. The political economy began to shift from a disparity of wealth majority into a democratized style of government. This put more power in the hands of the majority of people by more people having the opportunity to be involved in the government. This is an example of how America grew due to the role of the federal government because the democratization ofShow MoreRelatedUnited States Military Veterans During The War Of 18121112 Words   |  5 PagesUnited States Military Veterans Veterans are important because they have given us our freedom from tyrants for the past 237 years. Vets fought against the oppressors from of England during the War of Independence and the War of 1812. They continue to fight today! The estimated amount of casualties from the War of Independence was around 50,000! That means over 50,000 people died to stop England’s tyranny, in just one of two wars! In attacking Americans in the War of 1812, England sent ten timesRead MoreThe War of 1812: A Report702 Words   |  3 PagesThe War of 1812 The War of 1812 was a conflict between the United States, who had only achieved independence from their British oppressors less than 40 years before, and the British Empire, including Canada. The conflict between the United States and the British Empire lasted approximately two years and eight months. There are many factors that led to the United States declaring war on the British Empire including trade restrictions that were put in place because of the conflict between the BritishRead MoreA Short Note On The War Of 18121368 Words   |  6 Pages18 April 2016 War of 1812 The War of 1812 was a battle fought between the United States and Great Britain, along with help from Canada and the Native Americans, from June 18, 1812 to February 18, 1815. The United States declared war against Great Britain due to multiple disputes that included trade restrictions against the United States, the capture of American sailors and the support of Native American tribes fighting against American settlers. These issues led to the War of 1812 which AmericansRead MoreEssay on The Effects Of The War Of 1812856 Words   |  4 PagesThe War of 1812 has always been a part of American history not very exiting to learn about for most Americans. It was a tumultuous time for the New Republic and some of the battles of the war shamed the new nation. The War of 1812 did not have the same glorious, honorable, and just cause of the American Revolution. The British made fools of the American people and even burned the Capitol and the White House, the centers of American politics , to the ground. However as shameful as the war was,Read MoreCause And Effects Of The War Of 18121061 Words   |  5 PagesGill AP USH 9 October 2017 War of 1812 The War of 1812 is one of many wars that the USA will go through. The war is the first war that the new America would take part of and will be the first time the USA will declare war. The war lasted from June of 1813 to February of 1815, this is a span of two years and eight months. The war was fought by the United State verses the British. The war took place in many locations around the world which include the United States, Canada, on the high seas, NewRead MoreThe War Of 1812 By President James Madison812 Words   |  4 PagesThe War of 1812 On June 1. 1812, President James Madison submitted a war message to the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States. This message Madison submitted describes how the British have been violating the American flag. It also in tells how the British violated neutrality rights in United States. The Americans also complained of dealing with British ships in American waters. The Americans were angry of the seizure of the American sailors to join the Royal Navy. Madison believedRead MoreLeading The War of 1812: Sir Isaac Brock and Tecumseh Essay example1621 Words   |  7 Pagesand largely affected the War of 1812 and changed the future of North America. Tecumseh, the Shawnee war chief, James Madison, the United States President, and Sir Isaac Brock, the British commander of Canada, all had dreams for the future, and the War of 1812 would determine which of these would come true. Tecumseh wanted to preserve the land for his people and get the white men out of the Shawneeâ₠¬â„¢s lives. James Madison wanted the land in order to grow the United States, and be able to offer AmericansRead MoreCauses and Effects of the War of 18121527 Words   |  7 PagesCauses and Effects of The War of 1812 The nineteenth century brought major change to The United States turning it from a developing country into a world power. The addition of Alaska, Oregon, Texas, and Florida, the Mexican Cession and The Louisiana Purchase made The United States a world power. The War of 1812 catalyzed this great expansion. There were four main concerns that led to The War of 1812. Maritime and trade issues, the Embargo Act, territorial expansion, and War Hawks. Although they wereRead MoreThe Second War Of Independence907 Words   |  4 PagesRevolutionary War. With the British infringing on their unalienable rights, the American colonist knew they needed to take action to stop the overpowering British monarchy to preserve their freedom. The same situation arose in 1803 when the British started seizing American ships and stealing their goods. By 1812 the United States was fed up with Great Britain and their rebellious acts towards them. The United States declared war on June 18, 1812. Why is it that t he American people consider the War of 1812Read MoreEssay about The War of 1812583 Words   |  3 PagesThe War of 1812 â€Å"In view of the wants and needs of an infant United States (1783-1812), the War of 1812 was extremely successful in its results.† The War of 1812 is significant to United States history in a number of ways. The War, and our not losing it, reaffirmed American Independence. Second, the war showed the Americans that a stronger military was needed. It strengthened our isolation by giving us courage. The war also served to improve our economy as it stimulated manufacturing. Finally

International Adoption Free Essay Example, 1500 words

Reason of Choosing International Adoption There are few reasons of choosing international adoption and that can be described now. The major reason is decline in the availability of the newborns in the United States. There are more than 50 countries to choose from for adoption such as Colombia, Kazakhastan, Liberia, Haiti, Ethiopia and others. According to the statisticians, 75% of the foreign children came from Russia, China, Ukraine, S. Korea and Guatemala (Astin & Et. Al., â€Å"International Adoption†). Statistics regarding International Adoption A list of top ten countries has been exhibited in a tabular format along with its number of adoption to the US. Name of the Country Number of Adoption to the US China 3001 Ethiopia 2277 Russia 1586 South Korea 1080 Guatemala 756 Ukraine 601 Vietnam 481 Haiti 330 India 297 Kazakhstan 295 (Legal Language Service, â€Å"The Top Most Popular Countries†). According to the factsheets of US, more than 10,000 international adoptions are being completed annually by Americans (Hassler, P. â€Å"Adopt International: Everything You Need to Know to Adopt a Child from Abroad†). The figure was around 20,000 per annum from the period of 2000 to 2008. In 2009, 12,753 families of US had adopted international children (Legal Language Service, â€Å"The Top Most Popular Countries†). It has been also found that men of 18-44 age groups are twice interested to adopt a child in comparison to the women of the same age group (CDC, â€Å"Highlights†). We will write a custom essay sample on International Adoption or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Cost of International Adoption Basically for international adoption certain extra costs have to be incurred by the adoptive parents. They need to travel to the country of origin of the child. Even they need to travel at least two times or have to stay there for a long duration and both are subject to high cost. After adoption, also the parents have to visit the native country of the children for maintaining cultures. Then agency cost also has to be borne by the parents. For international adoption training is required to understand the legal procedure and also for post adoption formalities and others. Even in certain cases, parents join the classes to learn the language of the sending country and to become familiar with the culture of that nation which is very essential for the parents to bring up the children. Medical cost of the adopted children should also be considered. Beside that, few other charges are also there to be considered, such as donation to the orphanage, foreign attorney legal and placement fees, escort charges and other charges.

The Problem Of Human Trafficking - 1439 Words

Though it may be receiving more attention in recent years, it could be argued that the complete magnitude of human trafficking is still not fully comprehended. Professor of Epidemiology, Rezaeian Mohsen, has stated that, â€Å"The ultimate intention of human trafficking is to give illegitimate power to a human being in order to force another human being to be a subject of modern slavery i.e. prostitution, sexual exploitation, forced labor, slavery, etc.† (Mohsen, 2016, p.36). This type of illegitimate power has the opportunity to thrive in a global economy where minimizing costs and maximizing profits is the ultimate goal. Globalization and regional integration have contributed to an environment in which human trafficking is not only the†¦show more content†¦Human trafficking would not be an issue if there was not a market for it, therefore, the attitude that it is considered acceptable amongst a portion of society to purchase and sell humans needs to be addressed and harshly penalized. The creating of a single international law or adopting other effective measures in order to promote the cooperation between nations in the punishment and dissuasion of human trafficking. This would allow for a swift application of harsh penalties towards the offender, with the intention of punishment outweighing any potential reward in the criminal mind. The implementation of more local programs that inform and educate the public on human trafficking as well as ensure that the victims of trafficking receive appropriate assistance and protection could also be very effective. An unforgiving stance on various enabling offences, such as corruption or the forgery and theft of official documents needs to be tackled as well. â€Å"This has an indirect preventive effect, since it causes important tools of the traffickers to be less usable or accessible. As a result, the entire criminal project becomes harder and – at least potentially – more expensive, so that it loses part of its attraction† (Van Impe, 2000, p.123). 3. Possible Directions to Achieve Desired Change (250-300 words) What is needed to achieve the vision of change and address the identified social problem? BrieflyShow MoreRelatedThe Problem Of Human Trafficking1498 Words   |  6 Pagesthese problems. Taking a closer look at an ongoing issue highly prevalent in our world today, it is easy to see that other issues feed off it, and can contribute to the issue at hand. The issue I want to focus on is human trafficking. This type of criminalization is often one that is overlooked, most people believing that it is some sort of â€Å"myth,† or that this type of action happens to very few, and is only part of developing countries. However, the truth of the matter is that human trafficking occursRead MoreThe Problem Of Human Trafficking1328 Words   |  6 Pagestaken from their homes and put into human trafficking. Every individual is supposed to be given the opportunity to a long and happy life but, with human trafficking standing in the way, millions of people are subjected to illnesses, diseases, and unhappiness. Human trafficking has taken over the lives of many, especially in Ban gladesh. A country that is subjected to filth, poverty, and sex trafficking. Bangladesh is one of the top countries for human trafficking. The people of Bangladesh are in needRead MoreThe Problem Of Human Trafficking1283 Words   |  6 PagesWhen it comes to the topic human trafficking, mostly everyone knows that it has a lot of history to its name. According to ben skinner, â€Å" there are more slaves in the world today then ever before†(E. Benjamin pg. xi). There have been many incidents and cases with human trafficking such as, sex trade, smuggling, violence, etc. Today, one can show how real is Human Trafficking. This paper details the big enigma exist todays date, that Human Trafficking is real. Trafficking can happen in almost everyRead MoreThe Problem Of Human Trafficking1080 Words   |  5 Pagesinevitable. The thought of writing my essay was frightening enough but deciding on a topic and searching for sources was a completely different story. After a few sleeples s nights, I finally decided on my topic, human trafficking. I chose this topic because I believe human trafficking is a problem not only in America but worldwide and needs to be taken seriously. My strong dislike for research papers is not something to hide but I am hoping for the best for this essay and the class. As I began researchingRead MoreThe Problem Of Human Trafficking883 Words   |  4 Pagesinterest in ending human trafficking, a complex and multi-faceted phenomenon, has been slow and selective. The inner reason for the poor success is the prevailing conception of the problem. 2. This paper argues that the limited success in fighting human trafficking is to a large extent the result of framing the existing debate of human trafficking as predominantly a matter of prevention and protection rather than addressing the global market conditions within which human trafficking thrives . UnlikeRead MoreThe Problem Of Human Trafficking Essay1623 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction- A million of women children are trafficking worldwide every year it is problem of developed and developing and under developing country, issue found that across the nation are can say that trafficking is flowing to underdeveloped country to developing country or developing country to develop country. It has been made big market of human trafficking. Human trafficking is the third big benefitted industry in the world. At least million of children using in the prostitution for-profitRead MoreThe Problem Of Human Trafficking1387 Words   |  6 Pagesyears’ human trafficking has recogn ized as major illegal and problematic activity within the criminal justice system throughout the United States and a majority of the world. Although much attention has been paid to the worldwide aspect of human trafficking it is important to realize its domestic prevalence. According to ------------------ and estimated 200,0000 to 300,000 immigrants are trafficked illegally within the United States from impoverished countries. The topic of human trafficking has provedRead MoreThe Problem Of Human Trafficking2103 Words   |  9 PagesHuman Trafficking Introduction The problem of human trafficking affects many countries around the world. In practice, it is a transnational organized crime in which participants have networks in different countries where they source and sell their victims. Human trafficking has adverse effects on the victims as well as the entire society. Accordingly, many countries have implemented different policies in an effort to combat this social concern. Despite these policies and intervention measures, humanRead MoreThe Problem Of Human Trafficking1168 Words   |  5 Pagesa form of what we know today as human trafficking. The trafficking in persons is a form of modern day slavery, and exploits it’s victims into a slavery type setting such as manual labor or for commercial sex purposes. Many adults and elderly make up a great number of the humans that are trafficked each year, but the general population is children since they are usually helpless and are easier to manipulate since they are still in the ages of lear ning. Trafficking people is a very serious crime andRead MoreHuman Trafficking. Human Trafficking Has Been A Problem1487 Words   |  6 PagesHuman Trafficking Human trafficking has been a problem for too long. It affects many people at a time. There are many stories about different people who had been taken. The traffickers have different strategies in order to pull in different people. Human trafficking is not only in America, but in every part of the world. Around 4.5 million victims get stuck in sex trafficking. There are many ways to help stop human trafficking that are not hard to do and do not cost any money. If everybody could

Car Manufacturing Industry

Question: You need articles between 4 to 6 from media (written by Uni Professors, Business leaders, Journalists, Government agencies like RBA/ABS/ACCC, or any other stakeholders in the industry) on your topic to write a decent assignment? Answer: Introduction to Automotive Industry Australia: Automotive industry which was once the dominant industry in Australia is about to come to an end in near future. Car manufacture in Australia once rose to half million in 1970s, after which it again rose to more than 400,000 in 2004 and by the end of 2009, this had fallen to 210,000. Now, Australias car market only composed of car import from Asia and Europe. The major car producers in Australia are Toyota, Holden and Ford which produces small rear wheel family cars. Changes in any industry are necessary with regard to change in economies. All the industries are required to give a due consideration to technology change and consumer demand. Australian manufacturing industry has started declining. GDP of manufacturing industry is showing a steep decline in market share. During 2014, the GDP rate was only around 8-9%. The industry has almost come to an end because of the shut down announcement of the three major car manufacturers. Ford decided and announced its closure by the end of 2016 stating a reason that their manufacturing costs of cars were double than its unit in Europe and four times higher than the manufacturing cost in Asia with and end of 1,200 jobs. Holden asked the government to provide further $265 million subsidy as it was a plan of Holden to invest $1 billion so that it can carry manufacturing activity till 2022. But, Mr. Abbotts government didnt allow the subsidy to Holden and Holden planned to shut the unit in Australia by the end of 2017. And following Ford and Holden, Toyota also announced its closure plan to be made effective by the end of 2017. Well, there are many reasons behind their announced closure plan. Reasons of the plant shut down by Holden, Ford and Toyota: The reason given by the Toyota for closing of its manufacturing plant was economies of scale. Toyota was not able to manufacture huge and plenty of cars because of high cost high wages problem. When compared with cheaper overseas market Toyota said that the plant wasnt making money. And there were plenty of reasons of the closure of the manufacturing industry. Even government didnt decide to support the manufacturing industry because of the low productivity, but government decided to give assistance to mining industry which is more productive compared to the manufacturing industry. Mining industry will create jobs and export income for Australia. But it is expected to also push the dollar up, which will make local industry less competitive, things made in local markets, will become more expensive and imports will be cheaper. There was a big demand of coal, iron ore, and natural gas in Asia, which was the biggest resource strength of Australia. Australia has a big mining industry which forced the Australian government to invest into and pour millions of dollar into energy and infrastructure projects. As the mining industry received a big support from Australian government, manufacturing industry declined. The car manufacturing industry was already on a small scale base and because of not receiving proper support from the government, high cost and strong Australian dollar value, made it difficult to survive for them in the industry. The resources and infrastructure boom led to high cost because of which the firms couldnt achieve the cost competitiveness. Manufacturing wages gone up by 48%, inflows from exports led Australian currency to gone up by 21% against U.S. dollar. Moreover, Australian labour productivity fell down by 1% over the ten year period. Improper work rules and lower investment in skills and labour productivity led to lower growth in manufacturing industry. Apart from the bad news of manufacturing sector, a good point to note over this news was increased productivity in different sectors like natural resources sector. The annual production in domestic as well as export market is now just 200,000 vehicles while before several years it was over 300,000. Best practise car makers produce minimum of 250,000 cars per year. While Australias three major producers together are not able to reach the minimum level of production. If we compare the car manufacturing industry with past, the industry has become so small now that every manufacturer has started relying on the other for survival. Component suppliers of all the three; Holden, Toyota and Ford were same. Another reason behind the end of car manufacturing industry was the rise in Australian dollar. The exchange rate is hurting the local car industry. The high value of the Australian dollar has made the competition with international market difficult. Therefore, there is less scope of exports while there is a major move towards import from international market. If the Australian dollar was at the average then locally made cars would be more competitive against import and in export market. When Industry minister John Button in 1984, decided to reform the automotive industry by introducing The Button Plan or The Motor Industry Development Plan, the industry gradually started to decline. The Buttons plan was to lower the tariffs, introduction of foreign competition, forcing industry consolidation and fostering an Australian export industry so that it can compete with the international market level. But as he lowered down the tariffs, the Australian dollar started rising and because of thi s rise in Australian dollar, cars production costs started rising up by $2,000 more than if the car is built somewhere else. However, the dollars fall in last year has reduced the import worries, but the productivity was almost lost by that time. One more added reason for the failure of automotive industry is decline in sales. Smaller vehicles as well as utes and 4*4s together account for 80% of total sales. Which are not produced by Australia as per the demand. Australian industry failed to adapt to the change in the local market and led to adverse effect on management. Long term decline in manufacturing industry was due to indifference made to it. The belief was that only those industries should be supported and be allowed manufacturing in the nation which has some natural and innate benefit arising out of it. Different governmental agencies saw the decline in manufacturing sector as a good thing as it frees up invested labour and capital which can floe to other major productive industries and can advantages to the industry like mining industry. One more argument for the closure of the industry was that the car industry is less productive, therefore it should be closed down in order to shift the productivity engaged in the car industry towards some other more productive businesses running in Australia. The labour and capital invested in the car industry should be diverted in order to have the benefit of the workers productivity. But, in reality if we check then the productivity of one worker in car industry in Australia was above average then other industries. Per worker, the productivity in car manufacturing industry was $100,000 compared to around $85,000 across the economy. Withdrawal of support to the car industry would definitely reduce the average productivity per employee in the Australian economy. The Australian industry which is already battling for growth will again fall down drastically because of the unemployment that will be faced due to the closure plan of the major car manufacturers. Last year, despite of many job losses, Australian industry still employs 8% of total Australian labour force. It gives middle wage, middle skills and full time employment working with the industry. The skill development of the labours will also decline as a result of the close of sector. The manufacturing industry trains workers and labours with the skills to install communication lines, setting up power stations, water plants transport systems. Manufacturing sector is the major supplier of these skills to the whole Australian industry. Probably 50,000 workers will have to end up with their jobs because of this harsh step taken by the car manufacturing industry including component manufacturing suppliers. Following the unemployment of the workers due to the plant closure decision of the Hol den, Toyota as well as Ford, government offered to assistance to Ford and Holden employees. But, Toyota workers were not promise any financial help to them. However, governments announcement to provide assistance to Ford and Holden employees relieved Toyota employees. $65 million and $100 million were separated to provide assistance to the Ford as well as Holden employees. Cheap imported component parts and cars are another reason for the close of the industry. Because of the high cost of locally purchased component parts, the manufacturers were facing high production cost problem. Imported component materials were cheap compared to locally made component parts. Because of the low import tariffs, public was attracted towards buying imported cars. Companies cannot charge lesser than their production cost. This was the reason of frequent losses made by the manufacturers. Shut down plans of the manufacturers will lead to unemployment in the component manufacturing industry as well. As the component suppliers were dependent on these three manufacturers, this is going to be the major downgrade to the Australian industry. Minimum wages required to be paid to the workers was another reason of this downfall. High wages, low import tariffs and high Australian dollar are the three big reasons of the end of the car manufacturing industry. The fall in manufacturing industry will hit the science and technology base of the nation too. Manufacturing industry employs directly one in every five engineers and indirectly employs many engineers as their consultants. Manufacturing industry businesses allocate $4.5 billion each year to research and development expenditure which is equal to one forth of total expenditure incurred by private sectors. The manufacturing industry employs scientists, skilled technicians as well as engineers for developing new technologies and adapting to the needs of local public. Not only technical research and development activity, non-research and development activities are also taken up by the industry like system innovation, business integration, etc. This downfall is going to affect the industry adversely for capacity for innovation and development. Australian manufacturing industry was classified as medium low and low technology category of nations. It was ranked low despite of heavy investment s made by manufacturing firms over past many years. This might have been the case because Australian industry was good in terms of academic research papers in science and technology, but when it came to converting it into commercial product and services, the ratio was low. If the Coalition government had devoted funds to the car industry, the industry would have survived for few more years. Because there were no chances to reduce the wage rates, or increase in import tariffs or rip up free Trade Agreements. Therefore, the only hope was government assistance. Government assistance was estimated between $500 million to $1 billion annually. The local car makers started struggling financially. Ford lost around $600 million since 2008. Holden made profit only twice between 2005 to 2012. Toyota made profit in 2012 around $149 million and lost around $150 million in last three years. The Tony Abbott led Coalition government denied further financial assistance to the manufacturers. Holden was given $275 million by Australian government in March 2012, and to further continue with the production till 2022, Holden requested further financial help of $265 million, which was declined by the Australian government. Ford was given financial assistance of $103 million to continue run the production till 2016. These were the financial assistance given by the government to the manufacturers in order to run the production till some further years. Productivity commission in the last year recommended eliminating all kind of subsidies as well as financial assistance to the car manufacturing industry. Productivity commission suggested companies to lower their cost rather than expecting a financial assistance from government. After the close down announcement of Ford and Holden, The commission insisted Toyota and trade unions to slash the wages and workers condition and after moving towards wage slash and workers conditions, if there are no profitability rises remarks then commission insisted to close down the plant. But, only denial of governments financial assistance was not the core reason of failure of automotive industry. Government denied further assistance only on the recommendation of Productivity Commissions report on Automotive Industry , which gave recommendation to the government only after analysing and focusing upon some factors and assessing the Automotive Industry well. Effect on the economy following the closure of manufacturing industry: Stability in macro economy will not be certain if the mining industry would be given preference over the manufacturing industry. Because mining industrys investment and commodity prices are uncertain and volatile as we as highly cyclical. It may cause the economy to swing between boom and bust. If we talk about trade balance and current accounts, then there will be a big deficit caused by the shutdown of plants. As there will be no locally produced alternatives to imported products. More money will be needed to borrow from international market to buy the foreign made products. Spending on imported goods will swamp export revenues. Dual economy will be created after manufacturing shutdown event. One will be highly productive and other will be low productive. One is a small group which includes resource extraction and finance sectors which are high productivity sectors. Other includes activity like child care, cleaning, security services, transport, education services which is low productivity sector. The later sector has lower productivity as well as low wages. Most of the job opportunities are provided by the later sector. During 2010-2011, most of the net employment in the industry was made by the second industry which is low productive. Food security is going to be the biggest problem too. The reason will be the decline in manufacturing industry. Food processing sector till now had fulfilled the domestic needs and generated good amount of export revenues. But, as the dollar is being overvalued and grocery shoppers have started squeezing the prices paid to suppliers and has started using imported house brands. Based on current data, in near future Australia will be a net importer of processed foods if the current scenario keeps on going. The Australian industry would be dependent only on export of its unprocessed agricultural and mineral commodities. Manufacturing industrys shutdown will create problems related to environment too. People often say that manufacturing industries create many environmental problems and leave the environment in pollution. But if we look at in more in a broad way, then it is clearly seen that decline in manufacturing industry would create many other pollution related problems. Because closing of this industry would pressurise the Australian economy to produce other energy products. That will require the clearance of land, national park developments, and will damage the water tables, rivers and oceans. Future plans of Australian government following the shut down announcement by car manufacturers: However, government decided to help the automotive industry till the end of their closure plan. After looking at the Productivity Commissions report, government declared some future plans to help workers and component suppliers to survive and to capitalise the new opportunities in different industries. Government responded to the Productivity Commissions report on the automotive manufacturing industry. Government planned to focus on Australian automotive workers, component makers and small businesses in manufacturing supply chain, providing them and train them for the new opportunities, new jobs and new businesses where they have international competitive edge. In October 2013, the Australian government asked the productivity Commission to take up an inquiry into the automotive industry of Australia as well as inquire about passenger motor vehicle and component production of automotive parts. The Productivity Commissions report focused on the factors that affected the car manufacturing industry in Australia and includes nine recommendations. The government support to the automotive industry as well as workers who will be retrenched after close of the plants by the end of 207 will be supported financially and other ways by providing them training and technology updating trainings. Government declared a plan to devote $155 million which is made up of five elements to help workers, businesses and local communities affected by the decision of Toyota, Ford and Holden. $20 million were declared to be devoted for the Automotive Diversification Programme. It was kept aside to assist suppliers to start with their business into other sectors. $30 million were set aside for personalised skills assessments and help to identify new jobs and $60 million plan of Next Manufacturing Investment Programme is being finalised. The plans also include $15 million to the Automotive Industry Structural Programme and a $30 million Regional Infrastructure Programme. The government is focusing on a National Industry Investment and competitive agenda, to focus on long term issues relating to competition, productivity and job opportunities in future. The Automotive Transformation Scheme will be in process till the end of 2017. The Productivity Commission recommended losing down the restrictions on the importation on second hand passenger and light commercial vehicle. But, the government hasnt yet taken any decision regarding restriction on importation of certain vehicles as government doesnt want Australian market to be a dumping ground of second hand vehicles. These were about the future plans of the Australian government on the unemployment which will be created following closure of the three main car manufacturers. Australian car industry is now about to end in the near future because of many reasons cited above which indicates that there are no future prospects in the coming years. The car industry is going towards ending its career with 60 years of experience in the Australian industry. At last, with the end of the manufacturing industry, there will be loss of thousands of jobs and in response to that government has released in budget 2014-15, to provide assistance and proper help to the employees who will be sacked from their jobs and the manufacturing industry as well till the date they continue their manufacturing business in the industry. Government has declared some skill development plans to where they will be given training to be able to cope up after their job cessation from manufacturing industry. Unemployed workers will also be given financial assistance and equipment training through Employment Pathway Fund. In short, we can say that Australian government has already made good and sufficient future plans to deal with the worst situations that are going to arise in the future due to manufacturing industrys harsh step to close down the industry in near future. References: ANON, N.D., Australian Government-Department of Industry and Science, Accessed on 25 January 2015, ANON, N.D., What do we lose if the car industry is allowed to fail?, Accessed on 25 January 2015, ANON, N.D., Australias Automotive Industry, Accessed on 25 January 2015, ANON, N.D., End of Australian Made Cars, Accessed on 25 January 2015, ANON, N.D., Why Australias Car Manufacturers Toyota, Holden and Ford-All Knocked Out, Accessed on 25 January 2015, ANON, N.D., How High Cost and Low Subsidies killed Australias Auto Industry, Accessed on 25 January 2015, ANON, N.D., End of Australian Car Manufacturing Could Cost Up to 39,000 Jobs, Accessed on 25 January 2015, ANON, N.D., Government Supports Auto Industry Transition, Accessed on 25 January 2015, ANON, N.D., Why Does Australia Needs Manufacturing Industry?, Accessed on 25 January 2015, ANON, N.D., The End of Australian Manufacturing, Accessed on 25 January 2015, ANON, N.D., Australias manufacturing Cost Competitiveness, Accessed on 25 January 2015,