Reactive Chromatography ( Rc ) - 1095 Words

Chapter 2 2 Literature review 2 Introduction 2 2.1. Reactive Separation Techniques 3 2.1.1. Reactive Chromatography (RC) 4 2.1.1.1. Principal 5 2.1.1.2. Adsorbent 6 2.1.1.3. Solvent 6 2.1.1.4. Esterification Reaction 7 2.1.2. Reactive Extraction (RE) 7 2.1.2.1. Extractant 8 2.1.2.2. Reaction Product Properties 9 2.1.3. Reactive Distillation (RD) 10 References 13 Chapter 2 Literature review 2.1. Introduction Carboxylic acids (Lactic, propionic, caproic, acetic, picolinic etc.) are chemicals extensively used in pharmaceutical, food and other allied industries, as they find diverse application as reactants, solvents and even as catalysts in a few work instances (Talnikar et al., 2014). These acids when obtained by fermentation of sugars, the presence of fermentation by-products, media impurities additives like antifoam agents interfere in purification process (Pursell et al., 2009). During fermentation acids are produced essentially as mixture and mostly dilute solutions are obtained. Moreover during hetero-fermentation the broth contains mixture of acids as final product (Abdel-Rahman et al., 2013). 2.2. Outline of the process for preparation of carboxylic acid from biomass The process for preparation of carboxylic acid from biomass includes pre-treatment and hydrolysis of agricultural waste to simple sugars. These sugars are than used as raw material for fermentation using microorganism to produce carboxylic acids. These acids are generated either in form of free